Additionally, Cooper says an explanation for why there is not a correlation among elementary students could be because they do not have well developed study habits and because they get distracted easily. learning disabilities, gender, and prior achievement in school.
One possible solution to control for student differences would be to randomly distribute the students based on similarities so that on average, both the homework group and the non-homework group are about the same in terms of similarities, i.e. 35 studies suggest that 77% find the correlation between homework and and academic achievement to be positive however, they fail to make this correlation among elementary students.
Some studies do not attempt to control for student differences. “Students assigned homework in 2nd grade did better on math, 3rd and 4th graders did better on English skills and vocabulary, 5th graders on social studies, 9th through 12th graders on American history, and 12th graders on Shakespeare.” ( Cooper) Interestingly, many of the results found that homework can improve test scores at the end of a topic. Many of the studies done on this question examine students who are assigned homework with students who are not assigned homework but are still similar in other ways. If it is effective, how much homework is too much, and what is the appropriate amount to give out to students? Harris Cooper, a professor of psychology and neuroscience at Duke University, and his colleagues compiled an analysis of dozens of studies done on homework in order to come to a conclusion on whether homework is effective. Our alternative hypothesis is that doing your homework does improve your final grade and promotes academic achievement. Our null hypothesis is that doing your homework does not improve your final grade. Confounding, z-variables, could include personality traits, lack of procrastination habits, natural ability to succeed in school, etc.
The x-variable is doing your homework while the y-variable is earning excellent grades. Let’s establish the basics of what we are trying to find here. Sometimes we get points for doing homework and doing well which is always a good reason for getting it done, but could success on homework be the reason for fantastic final grades? It’s tedious, frustrating, time-consuming, and downright horrible.
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